Обзор методологических подходов и технологии обучения программированию в средней школе

Abstract

The realities of the modern information age show that the content of school education, including science and natural-mathematical education, needs significant revision. Compulsory teaching of programming basics in general school, including primary education, was also promoted by such a factor as the appearance of numerous accessible and simple tools for teaching programming at different ages.  Programming is considered to be the most effective tool through which learning becomes more interesting, fast, accurate and easy, and the knowledge and skills acquired in the process of learning are scientific, deep and generalized. During the research 42 sources on programming at school in Kazakh, Russian and English languages were analyzed. Theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific research on this topic allows us to identify the following approaches to teaching programming at school: traditional learning technologies focused on learning programming languages; learning using educational robotics; learning based on gamification; learning using elements of blockchain, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. The results of this study can be methodological prerequisites in determining the goals and objectives of the school programming course taking into account the achievements of modern science and technology.