Қалалар географиясын оқытуда ChatGPT-ді қолданудың артықшылықтары мен мәселелерін объективті бағалау

Abstract

ChatGPT is a tool that enables the rapid transmission of information and supports various pedagogical approaches. The objective of this study is to analyze the opportunities and limitations of using ChatGPT in the teaching of urban geography, taking into account the perspectives of geography teachers. The primary research questions include identifying the benefits and challenges associated with the integration of ChatGPT into the educational process, as well as assessing its impact on academic integrity, the development of critical thinking, and student autonomy. To achieve the research objectives, a survey was conducted among 306 geography teachers from various cities and regions of Kazakhstan, along with a focus group study involving 20 secondary school teachers from the Aktobe region. The findings indicate that ChatGPT facilitates access to information, supports educational consultations, assists in lesson planning, and enhances personalized learning. However, several significant limitations were also identified, including concerns regarding academic integrity, the reduction of student autonomy, insufficient depth of content analysis, and the risk of providing outdated or inaccurate information. Excessive reliance on this tool may weaken students' cognitive engagement, diminish the value of analytical tasks, and lead to dependency on automated solutions. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the necessity of integrating digital technologies with traditional teaching methods to maximize the effectiveness of ChatGPT in urban geography education. Particular attention should be given to fostering digital literacy among both students and educators, developing critical information analysis skills, and formulating methodological guidelines for the responsible implementation of AI in the educational process.