Құқықтық мәдениетті қалыптастырудағы мектеп педагогтерінің көзқарастары мен тәжірибесі

Abstract

This study aims to identify the level of legal culture among teachers in general education schools and the factors influencing its formation. The relevance of the research is determined by the growing importance of legal literacy and the creation of a safe pedagogical environment within the modern education system. The introduction reveals the theoretical essence of legal culture and substantiates its main components – legal knowledge, legal consciousness, and legal behavior – based on a review of academic literature. It is also emphasized that teachers’ legal culture directly affects the quality and safety of the educational environment, as confirmed by international studies.
The methodological basis of the research consisted of an online survey conducted in January – February 2025 among 183 teachers from Pavlodar and Astana. The questionnaire included 16 items focused on teachers’ self-assessment of their legal culture, needs and barriers in developing legal knowledge, and ways to enhance their legal competence. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.
The survey results showed that 79.8% of teachers rated their level of legal culture as high; however, the practical application of legal knowledge remains insufficient. The majority of respondents (88%) support the inclusion of legal literacy courses in university programs and note the effectiveness of legal trainings (50.8%) and practical workshops (48.6%). The main factors hindering the development of legal culture were identified as lack of practical experience (58.5%), shortage of information (18%), and insufficient availability of legal courses (38.8%). The study also revealed a strong correlation between legal culture and professional ethics (85.8%).
In the discussion section, the findings are interpreted in comparison with the works of international scholars. The study concludes that enhancing teachers’ legal culture contributes to improving the quality of education and strengthening legal order within the school environment. The authors recommend introducing specialized training modules to develop teachers’ legal competence, organizing practical case-based sessions, creating methodological resources, and systematically integrating legal education into higher education curricula.